朱永学,王丙坤,谢丰泽,徐帮树,张万志,张剑,蒋勇

• 1:中铁隧道集团二处有限公司
• 2:山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心
• 3:山东交通学院交通土建工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对上软下硬岩体大断面隧道掏槽爆破开挖存在掌子面中底部欠挖和超大尺寸块石的问题,依托海螺峪隧道工程背景,应用现场调研和试验的手段,提出了隧道掏槽爆破技术的优化方法。基于掌子面上软下硬的岩体特征,从减小掏槽爆破孔口距和装药集中度的方面,提出了复式楔形掏槽方式、增加掏槽孔数量、减小掏槽孔最大单孔装药量和增设底孔等措施。结果表明:采用优化的掏槽爆破技术,可消除掌子面中底部的欠挖,形成平整的开挖掌子面和底面;大大减小了爆后块石尺寸,最大边长减小60%;炮孔利用率提高3.4%,炸药单耗减小0.03 kg/m~3。

关键词(KeyWords)： 隧道工程;大断面;上软下硬;掏槽爆破;大块石

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(50909056);; 山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2014EEM014)

作者(Author): 朱永学,王丙坤,谢丰泽,徐帮树,张万志,张剑,蒋勇

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 邓锷,杨伟超,张平平.软岩力学参数对薄基岩顶板隧道爆破围岩振动的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(8):23-30.DENG E,YANG Wei-chao,ZHANG Ping-ping.Influence of soft rock mechanics parameters on surrounding rock vibration during the tunnel blasting with thin bedrock roof[J].Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition),2019,47(8):23-30.(in Chinese)
• [2] NAVARRO J,SANCHIDRIAN J A,SEGARRA P,et al.Detection of potential overbreak zones in tunnel blasting from MWD data[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,82:504-516.
• [3] 于飞飞,张娜,张宪堂,等.水平层状岩隧道炮孔参数优化及爆破成形研究[J].爆破,2019,36(1):63- 69.YU Fei-fei,ZHANG Na,ZHANG Xian-tang,et al.Blasting parameters optimization and blasting forming of horizontal layer rock tunnel[J].Blasting,2019,36(1):63- 69.(in Chinese)
• [4] XIE L X,LU W B,ZHANG Q B,et al.Damage evolution mechanisms of rock in deep tunnels induced by cut blasting[J].Tunnelling and underground space technology,2016,58:257-270.
• [5] 胡建华,杨春,周科平,等.单楔形掏槽爆破腔体时空演化及应用[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(12):3309-3315.HU Jian-hua,YANG Chun,ZHOU Ke-ping,et al.Temporal-spatial evolution and application of blasting cavity of single wedge cutting[J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2017,48(12):3309-3315.(in Chinese)
• [6] 谢理想,卢文波,姜清辉,等.深部岩体在掏槽爆破过程中的损伤演化机制[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(5):1252-1260.XIE Li-xiang,LU Wen-bo,JIANG Qing-hun,et al.Damage evolution mechanism of deep rock mass in process of cut blasting[J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2017,48(5):1252-1260.(in Chinese)
• [7] 高启栋,卢文波,冷振东,等.隧洞开挖过程中掏槽孔起爆位置的优选[J].振动与冲击,2018,37(9):8-16.GAO Qi-dong,LU Wen-bo,LENG Zhen-dong,et al.Optimization of cut-hole’s detonating position in tunnel excavation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2018,37(9):8-16.(in Chinese)
• [8] YANG J H,JIANG Q H,ZHANG Q B,et al.Dynamic stress adjustment and rock damage during blasting excavation in a deep-buried circular tunnel[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,71:591- 604.
• [9] 邹新宽,潘强,王微,等.隧道楔形分段掏槽爆破减震机理及试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2017,54(4):186-192.ZOU Xin-kuan,PAN Qiang,WANG Wei,et al.Experimental study of the vibration absorption mechanism of staged wedge-cut blasting technology[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2017,54(4):186-192.(in Chinese)
• [10] 邹新宽,张继春,潘强,等.楔形分段掏槽爆破减振效应研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2018,53(3):450- 458.ZOU Xin-kuan,ZHANG Ji-chun,PAN Qiang,et al.Vibration reduction effect of stepped V-cut blasting[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2018,53(3):450- 458.(in Chinese)
• [11] 石洪超,张继春.并行小净距隧道楔形掏槽爆破振动效应研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2019,15(2):607- 613,621.SHI Hong-chao,ZHANG Ji-chun.Blasting vibration effect of wedge cut blasting in parallel small-distance tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2019,15(2):607- 613,621.(in Chinese)
• [12] 龚敏,陈哲,吴昊骏,等.掏槽药量与起爆时差的关系对隧道爆破合成振速的影响[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2016,24(6):1110-1124.GONG Min,CHEN Zhe,WU Hao-jun,et al.Influence of correlation between cut basting charge and detonating interval time on superposition vibration velocity caused by millisecond blasting in tunnel[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2016,24(6):1110-1124.(in Chinese)
• [13] 吉凌,周传波,刘赶平,等.特大断面隧道倒T型掏槽爆破研究与应用[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2020,48(2):54- 60.JI Ling,ZHOU Chun-bo,LIU Gan-ping,et al.Investigation and application of inverted T cut blasting for super-large cross section tunnel excavation[J].Journal of Huazhong University of science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2020,48(2):54- 60.(in Chinese)
• [14] 何闯,王海亮.优化爆破参数进行地铁车站隧道控制爆破[J].隧道建设,2016,36(1):97-101.HE Chuang,WANG Hai-liang.Optimization analysis on blasting parameters for blasting control of metro station tunnels[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(1):97-101.(in Chinese)
• [15] 张万志.岩质隧道炮孔图像识别算法及光面爆破参数优化研究[D].济南:山东大学,2019.ZHANG Wan-zhi.Research on blasthole image recognition algorithms and optimization of smooth blasting parameters of rock tunnel[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2019.(in Chinese)
• [16] 徐帮树,张万志,石伟航,等.节理裂隙层状岩体隧道掘进爆破参数试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2019,48(6):1248-1255.XU Bang-shu,ZHANG Wan-zhi,SHI Wei-hang,et al.Experimental study of parameters of tunneling blasting in jointed layered rock mass[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2019,48(6):1248-1255.(in Chinese)