贾贝,熊赞民,郭雷,王潇,齐路路

• 1:中国恩菲工程技术有限公司
• 2:深部金属矿采动地压灾害防控国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室
• 3:中国矿业大学(北京)

摘要(Abstract)：

为了解决传统地下扇形孔爆破技术中存在的孔口矿石过度破碎与孔底装药不足导致的大块遗留问题，基于利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论，提出了一种适用于扇形孔的装药结构优化方案。基于LS-DYNA有限元软件开展数值模拟，确立了最优的扇形孔孔底距，通过分析连续装药与间隔装药岩石损伤区的分布特征，揭示了间隔装药在控制损伤范围方面的优势，并以现场试验进行了验证。试验结果表明:间隔装药结构与连续装药结构的爆破破碎效果基本相同，但间隔装药结构在孔口附近能够有效降低岩石粉碎率，从而减少粉矿化现象;采用优化装药结构后提高了采场的爆破效果，其中爆破块度D_(20)和D_(80)分别达到7.12 cm和18.52 cm，最大块度控制在28.49 cm以内，且小于5 cm的粉矿占比极少。

关键词(KeyWords)： 中深孔爆破;装药结构优化;数值模拟;爆破块度;岩石损伤

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家“十四五重点研发计划项目”(2023YFC2907201);; 中国五矿集团有限公司科技专项计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2025ZXA01)~~

作者(Author): 贾贝,熊赞民,郭雷,王潇,齐路路

参考文献(References)：

• [1]骆浩浩，杨仁树，马鑫民，等．石禄铁矿扇形中深孔爆破块度分布特征研究[J]．采矿与安全工程学报，2023,40(2):371-378.[1]LUO Hao-hao,YANG Ren-shu,MA Xin-min,et al. Study on the distribution characteristics of deep hole blasting in the fan-shaped hole of Shilu Iron Mine[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2023,40(2):371-378.(in Chinese)
• [2]何建元，马国虎，梁博，等．破碎矿体条件下扇形孔爆破块度优化措施研究与实践[J]．矿业研究与开发，2023,43(12):24-28.[2]HE Jian-yuan,MA Guo-hu,LIANG Bo,et al. Research and practice optimization measures of ore block sizes in fan-shaped blasting under the condition of broken ore body[J]. Mining R&D,2023,43(12):24-28.(in Chinese)
• [3]殷锦训，王维，游喻豪，等．湖北三鑫金铜矿扇形中深孔爆破参数优化数值模拟研究[J]．爆破，2022,39(2):85-93.[3]YIN Jin-xun,WANG Wei,YOU Yu-hao,et al. Numerical simulation of sanxin gold and copper mine in hubei province blasting parameters[J]. Blasting,2022,39(2):85-93.(in Chinese)
• [4]尹东升，熊国雄，贾贝，等．铜绿山矿中深孔爆破参数优化研究[J]．中国矿山工程，2025,54(1):8-12,19.[4]YIN Dong-sheng,XIONG Guo-wei,JIA Bei,et al. Research on optimization of blasting parameters for medium and long holes in Tonglvshan Mine[J]. China Mine Engineering,2025,54(1):8-12,19.(in Chinese)
• [5]王平，李斌，许梦国．扇形孔爆破落矿大块产生机理及控制研究[J]．爆破，2015,32(2):1-10,58.[5]WANG Ping,LI Bin,XU Guo-meng. Production mechanism and control measure of boulder by fan shaped round blasting[J]. Blasting,2015,32(2):1-10,58.(in Chinese)
• [6]范勇，吴进高，冷振东，等．爆破漏斗岩石破碎块度实验与仿真[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2023,42(9):2125-2139.[6]FAN Yong,WU Jin-gao,LING Zhen-dong,et al. Experiment and simulation of rock fragmentation size of blasting crater[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2023,42(9):2125-2139.(in Chinese)
• [7]黄永辉，孙博，张智宇，等．岩石RHT本构的爆破碎裂判定方法优化及验证[J]．北京理工大学学报，2023,43(6):565-574.[7]HUANG Yong-hui,SUN Bo,ZHANG Zhi-yu,et al. Optimization and verification of blasting fragmentation judgment method for rht constitutive model of rock[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2023,43(6):565-574.(in Chinese)
• [8]李斌，许梦国，王文杰．扇形孔爆破裂隙的数值模拟[J]．中国矿业，2014,23(2):84-91.[8]LI Bin,XU Guo-meng,WANG Wenjie. Numerical simulation of fan hole blasting induced rock fracture[J]. China Mining Magazine,2014,23(2):84-91.(in Chinese)
• [9]张双侠，刘志祥，杨小聪，等．高地应力下扇形孔爆破损伤特性分析及优化设计(英文)[J]. Journal of Central South University,2023,30(6):1887-1899.[9]ZHANG Shuang-xia,LIU Zhi-xiang,YANG Xiao-cong,et al. Analysis of damage characteristics and optimization of fan-holes blasting design under high in-situ stresses[J].Journal of Central South University,2023,30(6):1887-1899.(in Chinese)
• [10]郭东明，蓝樊革，张伟，等．炮孔堵塞长度对爆破效果的影响研究[J]．爆破，2023,40(3):108-115,142.[10]GUO Dong-ming,LAN Fange,ZHANG Wei,et al. Study of influence of stemming length on blasting effect[J].Blasting,2023,40(3):108-115,142.(in Chinese)
• [11]王社光，杨志强，王立杰，等．地下中深孔爆破的最佳减振延期时间研究[J]．爆破器材，2024,53(3):58-64.[11]WANG Du-guang,YANG Zhi-qiang,WANG Li-jie,et al. Optimal vibration reduction delay time mediun-deep hole blasting underground[J]. Explosive Materials,2024,53(3):58-64.(in Chinese)
• [12]BLAIR D P. Acoustic pulse transmission in half-spaces and finite-length cylindrical rods[J]. Geophysics,1985,50:1676-1683.
• [13]YOU Yuan-yuan,YANG Ren-shu,ZUO Jin-jing,et al.Research on the fragmentation characteristics of iron ore based on RHT constitutive model calibration and charge structure optimization[J]. Mining,Metallurgy&Exploration,2024,41(4):1819-1834.(in Chinese)
• [14]姜维，谭铖，姚囝，等．切割井中深孔孔内分段爆破一次成井数值模拟[J]．工程爆破，2024,30(4):1-9.[14]JIANG Wei,TAN Cheng,YAO Nan,et al. Numerical simulation of one-time blasting completion of the cuttingshaft by stage blasting in medium deep holes[J]. Engineering Blasting,2024,30(4):1-9.(in Chinese)
• [15]HUO Xiao-feng,SHI Xiu-zhi,QIU Xian-yang,et al. Rock damage control for large-diameter-hole lateral blasting excavation based on charge structure optimization[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2020,106:103569.
• [16]YI Chang-ping,SJOEBERG Jonny,JOHANSSON Daniel. Numerical modelling for blast-induced fragmentation in sublevel caving mines[J]. Tunnelling&Underground Space Technology,2017,68(oct.):167-173.