张宇,李国强

• 1:武警后勤学院建筑工程系
• 2:同济大学土木工程学院
• 3:同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

结构抗爆设计不仅适用于军事目标,对于重要的民用建筑和工业建筑也需要引入抗爆要求,以满足建筑物的基本安全。重点阐述了国内外各类抗爆标准的发展情况,介绍了该类标准的最新动态;从标准适用对象和研究内容的角度出发,把各类抗爆标准分为结构抗爆标准、非结构抗爆标准和石油化工类标准;详细讲解了这些标准在进行结构体系或结构构件设计时的编制原则、编制方法和主要采取的方法、手段或措施。从结构安全等级分类角度、爆炸造成的次生灾害角度、不同类型的结构体系角度和国内外相关标准角度提出合理的标准化建议。

关键词(KeyWords)： 建筑结构;抗爆设计;抗爆标准;编制原则;标准建议

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国博士后科学基金第55批面上资助(2014M551451);; 国家自然科学基金重大合作研究项目(51120185001)

作者(Author): 张宇,李国强

参考文献(References)：

• [1]张宇,李国强.国外建筑结构抗爆设计标准现状[C]∥第一届工程建设标准化高峰论坛论文集,2013:617-622.
• [2]钱七虎.反爆炸恐怖安全对策[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
• [3]TM5-855-1,1986.Fundamentals of protective design for conventional weapons[S].US Army Engineers Waterways Experimental Station,Vicksburg.
• [4]D Hyde.User's guide for microcomputer programs CONWEP and funpro applications of TM5-855-1[M].US Army Engineer Waterways Experimental Station,Vicksburg,1988.
• [5]G M Zintilis.Protection of commercial buildings against blast and ballistic threats[C]∥7th International Symposium on Interaction of the Effects of Munitions with Structures,Mannheim,1995:13-22.
• [6]TM5-1300,1990.Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions[S].Departments of the Army,the Navy and the Air Force.
• [7]UFC 3-340-01,1990.Design and analysis of hardened structures to conventional weapons effects[S].US Army Manual,Departments of the Army,the Navy and the Air Force.
• [8]UFC3-340-02,2008.Unified Facilities Criteria:Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions available from national institute of building sciences[S].1090 Vermont Avenue,NW,Suite 700,Washington DC,2005.
• [9]ESL-TR-87-57,1989.Protective construction design manual[S].Air Force Engineering and Services Center.
• [10]JI II奥尔连科,著.爆炸物理学[M].孙承纬,译.胡海波,周之奎,校.北京:科学出版社,2011.
• [11]宁建国.方方面面话爆炸[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008.
• [12]ACI 349-01,1979.Code requirement for nuclear safety related concrete structures[S].ACI Committee.
• [13]AFWL-TR-74102,1974.CRAWFORD R E.Force manual for design and analysis of hardened structures[S].New Mexico:Civil Nuclear System Corporation,New Mexico.
• [14]PDC TR-06-08,2006.Single-degree-of-freedom structural response limits for antiterrorism design[S].Protective Design Center of the US Army Corps of Engineers,Omaha.
• [15]ASCE/SEI 59-11,2011.Blast protection of buildings[S].American Society of Civil Engineers Structural Engineering Institute,Forth coming,New York.
• [16]ASTM E1300-07,2007.Standard practice for determining load resistance of glass in buildings[S].PA:ASTM International,West Conshohocken.
• [17]ISC2004.ISC Security design criteria for new federal office buildings and major modernization projects[S].Department of Homeland Security,The Interagency Security Committee,Washington D C.
• [18]GSA-WINGARD,2008.Window glazing analysis response and design[S].General Services Administration,Applied Research Associates,US.
• [19]US-HAZL,2004.Window fragment hazard level analysis army corps of engineers[S].US Army Corps of Engineers.
• [20]UFC 4-010-01,2003.DOD minimum antiterrorism standards for buildings[S].Department of Defense,Unified Facilities Criteria,Washington D C.
• [21]ASTM F 2248-03,2003.ASTM Standard practice for specifying an equivalent 3 s durations design loading for blast resistant glazing fabricated with laminated glass[S].PA:ASTM International,West Conshohocken.
• [22]ASTM E1300-07,2007.Standard practice for determining load resistance of glass in buildings[S].PA:ASTM International,West Conshohocken.
• [23]NORVILLE H S,E J Conrath.Blast-resistant glazing design[J].Journal of Architectural Engineering,2006,12(3):129-136.
• [24]ASTM F1642-04,2004.Standard test method for glazing and glazing systems subject to air-blast loadings[S].PA:ASTM International,West Conshohocken.
• [25]GSA-TS01-03,2003,Standard test method for windows and glazing systems subject to dynamic overpressure loadings[S].US General Services Administration.
• [26]ASCE 40265-1997,1997.Design of blast resistant buildings in petrochemical facilities[S].Task Committee on Blast Resistant Design,Petrochemical Committee,American Society of Civil Engineers,New York.
• [27]ASTM F2247-2003.Standard test method for metal doors used in blast resistant applications(equivalent static load method)[S].2003.
• [28]ASTM WK1902.Standard test method for blast-resistant doors[S].ASTM International,West Conshohocken.
• [29]BS 8110-1,1997.Structural use of concrete:Part I:Code of practice for design and construction[S].British Standards Institution,London.
• [30]Draft pr EN 1991-1-7.Eurocode 1-actions on structures part 1-7:general actions-accidental actions[S].European Committee for Standardization,Brussels.
• [31]GSA2003.Progressive collapse analysis and design guidelines for new federal office buildings and major modernization project[S].U S General Services Administration,June 2003.
• [32]UFC 4-023-03,2005.Design of structures to resist progressive collapse[S].Unified facilities criteria,Washington D C.
• [33]DOE/TIC-11268.A manual for the prediction of blast and fragment loadings on structures[S].US Department of Energy,Washington DC,1992.
• [34]PDC TR-08-07.Component explosive damage assessment workbook(CEDAW)[S].Omaha,NE:U S Army Corps of Engineers,Protective Design Center,2008a.
• [35]涉密内部资料1[S].
• [36]涉密内部资料2[S].
• [37]涉密内部资料3[S].
• [38]中国人民共和国工业和信息化部.J1026-2010石油化工控制室抗爆设计规范[S].
• [39]BIGGS J.Introduction to structural dynamics[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1964.
• [40]JOHN Wiley&Sons.Handbook for blast-resistant design of buildings[R].2010.
• [41]IYENGUNMWENA M A,VIRDI K S.Numerical and analytical investigation of shear in reinforced concrete beams subjected to dynamic loads[M].UK,Edinburgh:Topping B H V.Developments in Structural Engineering Computing,Civil-Comp Press,1993:123-133.
• [42]IYENGUNMWENA M A.Evaluation of end reactions of reinforced concrete structure dynamic loading conditions[D].UK,London:City University,1991.
• [43]KRAUTHAMMER T.Modern protective structures design analysis and evaluation,1995.现代防护结构设计、分析与评估[S].总参工程兵科研三所,译,1997.
• [44]李国豪.工程结构抗爆动力学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1985.
• [45]陈肇元.防护工程钢筋混凝土构件的抗剪性能与设计方法(一)[J].防护工程,1993(4):1-12.CHEN Kui-yuan.Shear performance and design method of RC components in protective structures(One)[J].Protective Structures,1993(4):1-12.(in Chinese)
• [46]陈肇元.防护工程钢筋混凝土构件的抗剪性能与设计方法(二)[J].防护工程,1994(1):1-7.CHEN Kui-yuan.Shear performance and design method of RC components in protective structures(Two)[J].Protective Structures,1994(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
• [47]陈肇元.化爆冲击波动载下钢筋混凝土构件抗剪计算设计方法[M].北京:清华大学土木工程系抗震抗爆工程研究室,1988.
• [48]陈肇元.钢筋混凝土结构构件在冲击荷载下的性能[M].北京:清华大学土木工程系抗震抗爆工程研究室,1988.
• [49]俞儒一.人防工程防护结构计算原理[M].南京:工程兵工程学院,1989.
• [50]张宇,范华林,金丰年.化爆作用下岩石介质自由场应力波拟合方法研究[J].岩土力学,2011,10(32):3043-3057.ZHANG Yu,FAN Hua-lin,JIN Feng-nian.Weighted least squares fitting of free field equation of rock under chemical explosion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,10(32):3043-3057.(in Chinese)
• [51]张宇,范华林,金丰年.爆炸作用下拱形结构反射系数计算方法研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(9):278-283.ZHANG Yu,FAN Hua-lin,JIN Feng-nian.Study on reflective coefficients of underground protective arches under blast loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(9):278-283.(in Chinese)
• [52]钱七虎,编著.防护结构计算原理[M].南京:中国人民解放军工程兵工程学院,1981.
• [53]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部和国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB50223-2008建筑工程抗震设防分类标准[S].
• [54]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].
• [55]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50023-1995建筑抗震鉴定标准[S].