白马铁矿田家村南采区爆破测振及村民房屋影响研究Study on Blasting Vibration Measurement and Influence on Villagers′ Houses Safety in South Mining Area of Tianjiacun South Stope in Baima Iron Mine
胡方强,张春阳,谭海,姜婷婷,KABILA Kevin Mbuyu
摘要(Abstract):
为弄清白马铁矿田家村南采区露天台阶爆破振动对村民房屋的影响,结合房屋位置、露天采场现状、地质地貌特征、岩土体非均质特性,采用L20系列智能爆破测振仪进行爆破测振研究。测试结束后,采用最小二乘法对数据进行回归分析,获取了对应的K、α值,得出了各方向爆破振速的衰减规律,验证结果反映了K、α回归值的可靠性。对2019年7月—2020年10月田家村南采场1525 m、1540 m、1555 m台阶爆破振速进行反算,其中最大振速位于Z方向,值为0.33 cm/s,为田家村房屋爆破振动影响评估提供了依据。结果表明:村内测点爆破振速均不超过《爆破安全规程(GB6722—2014)》中"土窑洞、土坯房、毛石房屋"和"一般民用建筑物"爆破振动安全允许标准范围,但需考虑爆破振动对土坯房的长期影响,以及砖混房屋装饰、外瓷砖、灰抹层等非承重结构的长期影响,并以现场调查为准,对砖混房屋承重结构不构成安全影响。此外,结合设计资料,预测了将来的爆破振速,最大值位于Z方向,为0.54 cm/s,超过了土坯房的安全振速标准(0.45 cm/s,f≤10 Hz),但仍低于"一般民用建筑物"爆破振动安全允许标准(2.0 cm/s,f≤10 Hz)。最后,提出了降低单孔药量及推进数码电子雷管应用等相关建议。
关键词(KeyWords): 台阶爆破;村民房屋;爆破测振;爆破振速;露天采场
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目(51804236)
作者(Author): 胡方强,张春阳,谭海,姜婷婷,KABILA Kevin Mbuyu
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