吴浩,凡奥奇,贾永胜,王孟来,李树建,张斌

• 1:江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室
• 2:中国矿业大学矿业工程学院
• 3:云南磷化集团有限公司国家磷资源开发利用工程技术研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

硬岩矿山巷道在机械冲击凿岩和炸药爆破的动力扰动作用下极易发生冒顶片帮和岩爆等动力灾害，研究巷道变形破坏机理的动载效应意义重大。为了弄清动力扰动下巷道围岩的力学行为，将硬岩巷道简化为岩石力学孔口问题，采用50 mm杆径的改进型霍普金森压杆实验系统对系列含孔洞板状砂岩进行了冲击加载实验，探索孔洞尺寸和形状对岩石动态力学参数、破坏模式及能量耗散特征的影响。研究结果表明：孔洞的存在对岩石的动态强度、动态弹性模量和峰值应变均具有显著的弱化作用。随着孔洞尺寸的增大，岩石动态力学特性参数显著降低；不同孔洞形状中，方形孔洞试样的动态强度和峰值应变最大，紧接着是马蹄形孔洞和圆形孔洞试样，而它们的弹性模量大小呈现相反的结论。岩石破坏形态方面，冲击作用下完整岩石和孔洞岩石分别发生劈裂拉伸破坏和拉剪破坏。另外，马蹄形孔洞试样能耗密度和分形维数同比最大，分别为1.94 J/cm~3和2.11 J/cm~3,表明其破坏过程最为剧烈，而圆形和方形孔洞试样的破碎块度相差不大。该研究成果科学揭示了硬岩巷道围岩破裂特征，为硬岩巷道支护设计和岩石灾变防治奠定了重要理论基础。

关键词(KeyWords)： 冲击加载;含孔洞岩石;动态力学特性;破坏模式;能量耗散;分形维数

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（52204160）;; 江苏省自然科学基金（BK20210515）;; 中国博士后科学基金（2022MD713814,2023T160555）;; 爆破工程湖北省重点实验室开放基金（BL2021-10）;; 国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC2905600）~~

作者(Author): 吴浩,凡奥奇,贾永胜,王孟来,李树建,张斌

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