朱桂春,刘中枢,梁国峰,黄佳雯,周大鹏,陈翔

• 1:江汉大学省部共建精细爆破国家重点实验室
• 2:湖北(武汉)爆炸与爆破技术研究院
• 3:中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

不锈钢06Cr18Ni11Ti与铸钢20Mn爆炸焊接复合板可用于高寒地区桥梁建造，为探究不锈钢06Cr18Ni11Ti与铸钢20Mn其焊接界面特征，使用两组不同焊接参数焊接不锈钢06Cr18Ni11Ti与铸钢20Mn。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析焊接界面形态；对样品进行拉伸、弯曲试验以及硬度测试；利用扫描电镜对焊接材料的断口形貌进行分析。结果表明：在界面形态分析中，间隙10 mm的样品熔化层厚度大于间隙4 mm的样品熔化层。界面波纹越大，熔化层越厚。腐蚀铸钢20Mn一侧均观察到焊接界面富集奥氏体，间隙为4 mm的样品未观察到明显孪晶，间隙为10 mm的样品中观察到孪晶。拉伸试验结果表明：界面结合强度大于20Mn强度，间隙4 mm和间隙10 mm的样品均呈韧性断裂。在90°弯曲试验中，焊接界面均未出现分层和裂纹，表现出优异的抗弯性能。在硬度测试中，不锈钢06Cr18Ni11Ti和铸钢20Mn经过爆炸焊接后硬度分别大于各自的原材料硬度，越靠近焊接界面，硬度有着显著的提升，20Mn对加工硬化更加敏感，硬化效果就更加明显。在断口形貌分析中，间隙4 mm和间隙10 mm的样品断口均呈河流状。

关键词(KeyWords)： 爆炸焊接;界面形态分析;力学性能测试;晶粒腐蚀;断口分析;孪晶

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(12302436);; 安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022a05020021);; 中煤科工集团重庆研究院自立科研开发项目(2023YBXM58)~~

作者(Author): 朱桂春,刘中枢,梁国峰,黄佳雯,周大鹏,陈翔

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 梅荣，任志俊，仇伟.06Cr18Ni11Ti奥氏体不锈钢热变形行为研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程，2019,42(6):88-92.[1] MEI Rong,REN Zhi-jun,QIU Wei.Research on thermal deformation behaviour of 06Cr18Ni11Ti austenitic stainless steel[J].Weapon Materials Science and Engineering,2019,42(6):88-92.(in Chinese)
• [2] 夏少华，陈红圣，曹健峰，等.G20Mn5铸钢件力学性能研究[J].机车车辆工艺，2014(2):9-10,20.[2] XIA Shao-hua,CHEN Hong-sheng,CAO Jian-feng,et al.Mechanical properties of G20Mn5 cast steel parts[J].Rolling stock technology,2014(2):9-10,20.(in Chinese)
• [3] 康建强，邵光娟，刘宝剑，等.20MnMoNb锻板与0Cr18Ni11Ti的焊接工艺研究[J].设备管理与维修，2020(5):40- 42.[3] KANG Jian-qiang,SHAO Guang-juan,LIU Bao-jian,et al.Research on welding process of 20MnMoNb forging plate with 0Cr18Ni11Ti[J].Equipment Management and Maintenance,2020(5):40- 42.(in Chinese)
• [4] 郑远谋.爆炸焊接和爆炸复合材料[J].焊接技术，2007,36(6):1-5.[4] ZHENG Yuan-mou.Explosive welding and explosive composites[J].Welding Technology,2007,36(6):1-5.(in Chinese)
• [5] 夏鸿博，王少刚，翟伟国，等.金属爆炸焊接技术研究进展[J].热加工工艺，2013,42(5):203-206.[5] XIA Hong-bo,WANG Shao-gang,ZHAI Wei-guo,et al.Research progress of metal explosion welding technology[J].Thermal Processing Technology,2013,42(5):203-206.(in Chinese)
• [6] WANG Peng,HU Sheng-sun,SHEN Jun-qi,et al.Effects of electrode positive/negative ratio on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Al dissimilar variable polarity cold metal transfer welded joints[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2016,652:127-135.
• [7] 郝丁华，吴全银.16MnR与20MnMoNbⅢ异种钢焊接工艺制定及实施[J].石油化工应用，2008(2):90-93.[7] HAO Ding-hua,WU Quan-yin.16MnR and 20MnMoNb Ⅲ dissimilar steel welding process development and implementation[J].Petrochemical Applications,2008(2):90-93.(in Chinese)
• [8] 徐然.530 mm超厚20MnMoNb锻件的窄间隙埋弧焊[J].电焊机，2017,47(4):80- 84.[8] XU Ran.Narrow gap submerged arc welding of 530 mm ultra-thick 20MnMoNb forgings[J].Electric welding machine,2017,47(4):80- 84.(in Chinese)
• [9] 侯国亭，冯健，刘献甫，等.金属复合板节能型爆炸焊接试验研究[J].爆破，2023,40(4):161-165,182.[9] HOU Guo-ting,FENG Jian,LIU Xian-fu,et al.Experimental study on energy-saving explosion welding of metal composite plates[J].Explosion,2023,40(4):161-165,182.(in Chinese)
• [10] CROSSLAND B.Explosive welding of metals and its application[J].(No Title),1982.
• [11] 汪旭光.爆破手册[M].北京：冶金工业出版社，2010.[11] WANG Xu-guang Handbook of blasting[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry press,2010.
• [12] 赵昕，宋家良，周大鹏，等.碳钢-不锈钢水下爆炸焊接的试验研究[J].火工品，2023(3):57- 60.[12] ZHAO Xin,SONG Jia-liang,ZHOU Da-peng,et al.Experimental study on underwater explosion welding of carbon steel-stainless steel[J].Fireworks,2023(3):57- 60.(in Chinese)
• [13] 谢礼宏，段卫东，蒋培.爆炸焊接波状界面的Richtmyer-meshkov失稳机理[J].爆破，2023,40(2):153-158,164.[13] XIE Li-hong,DUAN Wei-dong,JIANG Pei.Mechanism of Richtmyer-meshkov destabilisation of blast-welded wavy interfaces[J].Blasting,2023,40(2):153-158,164.(in Chinese)
• [14] ACARER M,GüLEN?B,FINDIK F.Investigation of explosive welding parameters and their effects on microhardness and shear strength[J].Materials & design,2003,24(8):659- 664.
• [15] WRONKA B.Testing of explosive welding and welded joints.The microstructure of explosive welded joints and their mechanical properties[J].Journal of materials science,2010,45:3465-3469.
• [16] 韩顺昌.爆炸焊接界面相变与断口组织[M].北京：国防工业出版社，2011.[16] HAN Shun-chan.Interfacial phase transition and fracture organisation in explosion welding[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2011.(in Chinese)
• [17] XUE Qing,GRAY G T.Development of adiabatic shear bands in annealed 316L stainless steel:Part Ⅱ.TEM studies of the evolution of microstructure during deformation localization[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2006,37:2447-2458.
• [18] WANG Min-jing,HU Jia-nian,LI Ke-bin,et al.Study on the relationship between interface morphology and mechanical properties of explosive welded titanium/duplex stainless steel[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2024:1-20.
• [19] HUANG Jia-wen,LIANG Guo-feng,LUO Ning,et al.Study on explosive welding A1060/3D-Printed-SUS316L[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2023,27:2508-2523.
• [20] 蒋立.金属管棒材爆炸焊接界面特性及演化机理研究[D].徐州：中国矿业大学，2024.[20] JIANG Li.Research on the interface characteristics and evolution mechanism of explosion welding of metal tubes and bars[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2024.(in Chinese)
• [21] PENG Lan,ZHang Jia-quan.Tensile property and microstructure of Fe-22Mn- 0.5 C TWIP steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2017,707:373-382.
• [22] 王爽.爆炸复合板焊接接头组织及性能研究[D].沈阳：沈阳理工大学，2015.[22] WANG Shuang.Research on the organisation and properties of welded joints of explosive composite plates[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
• [23] SHEN Yong-feng,JIA Nan,MISRA R D K,et al.Softening behavior by excessive twinning and adiabatic heating at high strain rate in a Fe–20Mn–0.6 C TWIP steel[J].Acta Materialia,2016,103:229-242.
• [24] POTESSER M,SCH?BERL T,ANTREKOWITSCH H,et al.The Characterization of the Intermetallic Fe-Al Layer of Steel-Aluminium Weldings[C]//Proc of 135th TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition.2006:167-176.
• [25] ZHANG Heng,JIAO Ke-xin,ZHANG Jia-liang,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties investigations of copper-steel composite fabricated by explosive welding[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2018,731:278-287.
• [26] CHU Qiao-ling,LI Yi,CAO Qi-lu,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu/steel dissimilar joints[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2022,200:104828.
• [27] 姜超，龙伟民，钟素娟，等.TA1/Q235R爆炸焊接复合板界面组织及力学性能[J].电焊机，2023,53(11):65-70.[27] JIANG Chao,LONG Wei-min,ZHONG Su-juan,et al.Interfacial organisation and mechanical properties of TA1/Q235R explosion welded composite plates[J].Electric Welding Machine,2023,53(11):65-70.(in Chinese)
• [28] 张保奇.异种金属爆炸焊接结合界面的研究[D].大连：大连理工大学，2005.[28] ZHANG Bao-qi.Study on the bonding interface of dissimilar metal explosion welding[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2005.(in Chinese)
• [29] 陶杰，王咏梅.复合材料层合板层间破坏及其断口形貌分析[J].复合材料学报，1993(4):57- 64.[29] TAO Jie,WANG Yong-mei.Interlaminar damage of composite laminates and morphological analysis of their fracture[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1993(4):57- 64.(in Chinese)
• [30] PAUL H,CHULIST R,MANIA I.Structural properties of interfacial layers in tantalum to stainless steel clad with copper interlayer produced by explosive welding[J].Metals,2020,10(7):969.
• [31] ZHAO Hui,SHENG Li-yuan.Microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ag/316L composite plate fabricated by explosive welding[J].Journal of Manufacturing Processes,2021,64:265-275.
• [32] 陈松，李晓杰.异种金属爆炸焊接的研究与发展[J].爆破，2023,40(2):144-152.[32] CHEN Song,LI Xiao-jie.Research and development of dissimilar metal explosion welding[J].Blasting,2023,40(2):144-152.(in Chinese)
• [33] MENDES R,RIBEIRO J B,LOUREIRO A.Effect of explosive characteristics on the explosive welding of stainless steel to carbon steel in cylindrical configuration[J].Materials & Design,2013,51:18.