碳酸钙抑制管道中含煤尘甲烷爆炸的试验研究Experimental Study on Inhibition of Coal Dust and Methane Explosion in Pipelines by Calcium Carbonate
徐景德,卢森涛,卢鸿玉,刘钧海,徐祚卉,汪志萼
摘要(Abstract):
本研究旨在探究碳酸钙对含煤尘甲烷爆炸的抑制效果,通过实验和数值模拟分析碳酸钙在不同粒径和浓度条件下的抑爆性能,为煤矿等高危环境的安全防护提供理论依据。实验基于自主研制的9.6 m方形长直管道进行,选取粒径为6.5~74μm、浓度为100~200 g/m~3的碳酸钙作为抑制剂,研究其对含煤尘甲烷爆炸的影响。通过分析爆炸过程的压力变化,确定碳酸钙的最优粒径和浓度。同时,采用数值模拟对实验结果进行验证。实验结果表明:爆炸过程可分为四个阶段:甲烷燃烧、含煤尘甲烷燃烧、碳酸钙分解及阻碍。碳酸钙通过热分解反应降低氧气浓度并吸收热量,减缓燃烧反应速率,同时建立局部热平衡抑制爆炸传播。当碳酸钙浓度为150 g/m~3、粒径为23μm时,抑爆效果最佳,最大压力抑制率达46.7%。数值模拟验证显示,模拟与实验的压力变化趋势一致,相对误差低于15%。碳酸钙作为一种有效的爆炸抑制剂,在特定粒径和浓度条件下对含煤尘甲烷爆炸具有显著的抑制效果。该研究为碳酸钙在工业爆炸防护中的应用提供了实验和理论支持。
关键词(KeyWords): 安全工程;抑爆;甲烷-煤尘爆炸;数值模拟;碳酸钙
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874134)基于事故防治的含尘瓦斯气流爆炸传播流场结构演化过程实验研究~~
作者(Author): 徐景德,卢森涛,卢鸿玉,刘钧海,徐祚卉,汪志萼
参考文献(References):
- [1] 张延松,徐畅,秦江,等.纳米复合抑爆粉体抑制甲烷-煤尘混合爆炸动力学机理研究[J].安全与环境学报,2024,24(11):4296- 4305.[1] ZHANG Yan-song,XU Chang,QIN Jiang,et al.Study on the mechanism of inhibiting methane-coal dust explosion by nanocomposite explosion inhibiting powder[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2024,24(11):4296- 4305.(in Chinese)
- [2] 石晶泰.甲烷(煤尘)爆轰传播的动力学微观特性及水幕抑爆机理研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2022.[2] SHI Jing-tai.Study on the kinetic microscopic characteristics of methane(coal dust) detonation propagation and the mechanism of water curtain explosion suppression[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2022.(in Chinese)
- [3] 杜双利,张玉,张欢,等.矿井煤尘爆炸及抑爆技术的研究现状及发展趋势[J].能源与环保,2022,44(8):296-301.[3] DU Shuang-li,ZHANG Yu,ZHANG Huan,et al.Research status and development trends of coal dust explosion and explosion suppression technology in mines[J].Energy and Environmental Protection,2022,44(8):296-301.(in Chinese)
- [4] 贺涛.高岭土基改性/复配抑爆剂抑制瓦斯煤尘复合爆炸特性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2022.[4] HE Tao.Study on the characteristics of inhibiting gas-coal dust composite explosion by kaolin-based modified/composite explosion suppression agent[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2022.(in Chinese)
- [5] 余明高,贺涛,李海涛,等.改性高岭土抑爆剂对瓦斯煤尘复合爆炸压力的影响[J].煤炭学报,2022,47(1):348-359.[5] YU Ming-gao,HE Tao,LI Hai-tao,et al.Influence of modified kaolin inhibitor on the explosion suppression pressure of methane-coal dust mixture[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2022,47(1):348-359.(in Chinese)
- [6] 陈彪,冯萧,张皓天,等.超细水雾抑制甲烷-煤尘复合爆炸的实验研究[J].消防科学与技术,2021,40(7):1046-1051.[6] CHEN Biao,FENG Xiao,ZHANG Hao-tian,et al.Experimental study on the suppression of methane-coal dust composite explosion by ultrafine water mist[J].Fire Science and Technology,2021,40(7):1046-1051.(in Chinese)
- [7] 贾进章,肖聆伊,王枫潇.膨润土粉体对管网甲烷爆炸的抑制特性及抑爆机理[J].安全与环境学报,2024,24(8):2940-2948.[7] JIA Jin-zhang,XIAO Ling-yi,WANG Feng-xiao.Suppression characteristics and explosion suppression mechanism of bentonite powder on pipeline methane explosion[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2024,24(8):2940-2948.(in Chinese)
- [8] 吴君安,朱杭钦,梁志星,等.CO2驱动下NaHCO3对甲烷爆炸特性的影响[J].安全与环境工程,2024,31(4):37- 44.[8] WU Jun-an,ZHU Hang-qin,LIANG Zhi-xing,et al.Influence of NaHCO2 driven by CO3 on methane explosion characteristics[J].Safety and Environmental Engineering,2024,31(4):37- 44.(in Chinese)
- [9] 王枫潇.固态粉体对管网甲烷爆炸的抑制性能及抑爆机理研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2023.[9] WANG Feng-xiao.Study on the inhibitive performance and explosion suppression mechanism of solid powders on pipeline methane explosion[D].Fuxin:Liaoning Technical University,2023.(in Chinese)
- [10] Yun-Ting Tsai,FU Tao,ZHOU Qiang.Explosion characteristics and suppression of hybrid Mg/H2 mixtures[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2021,46(78):38934-38943.
- [11] 杨小荣.硅藻土基复合粉体抑爆剂抑制瓦斯爆炸的实验研究[J].煤炭技术,2025,44(2):104-108.[11] YANG Xiao-rong.Experimental study on the suppression of methane explosion by diatomite-based composite powder inhibitor[J].Coal Technology,2025,44(2):104-108.(in Chinese)
- [12] 吉冬雨,杨克,纪虹,等.多巴胺包覆珍珠岩对抑制甲烷爆炸的试验研究[J].消防科学与技术,2024,43(11):1505-1511.[12] JI Dong-yu,YANG Ke,JI Hong,et al.Experimental study on the suppression of methane explosion by dopamine-coated perlite[J].Fire Science and Technology,2024,43(11):1505-1511.(in Chinese)
- [13] 徐景德,卢森涛,卢鸿玉,等.碳酸钙抑制管道甲烷-煤尘爆炸机理的数值分析[J].华北科技学院学报,2024,21(6):73-78.[13] XU Jing-de,LU Sen-tao,LU Hong-yu,et al.Numerical analysis of the mechanism of calcium carbonate inhibiting methane-coal dust explosion in pipelines[J].Journal of North China Institute of Science and Technology,2024,21(6):73-78.(in Chinese)