煤矿井下爆破作业频带能量分布规律Frequency Band Energy Distribution of Coal Mine Blasting
肖铸,张鹏翔,李青松,朱权洁
摘要(Abstract)：
为了有效降低煤矿井下爆破作业扰动,减少爆破诱发的矿震和煤与瓦斯突出等次生灾害,需要对煤矿井下爆破作业能量变化规律进行研究。采用锚杆外挂式方法安装传感器,优化了微震监测系统安装方法。对煤矿井下爆破作业过程的微震信号进行采集,并应用小波包分解方法分析其频谱,发现煤矿井下爆破作业信号的能量频带分布范围广,各个频带内爆破微震信号的能量百分比不断变化。爆破微震信号92%以上的能量集中在0~500 Hz的低频带范围内。随传播距离的增加,微震信号的高频部分衰减速度快。在煤矿现场应用低爆速、低密度、小直径的炸药,降低最大一段的炸药药量,采用分散布药与不耦合装药方式有利于降低地震效应。
关键词(KeyWords)： 煤层;爆破;微震;频谱分析
基金项目(Foundation): 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK04B07);; 贵州省社会发展攻关计划项目(黔科合社G字[2011]4003;黔科合SY字[2010]3036)
作者(Author): 肖铸,张鹏翔,李青松,朱权洁
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