郭春阳,张力,牛国庭,池恩安,孟庆浩

• 1:保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司
• 2:贵州省公安厅
• 3:保利久联控股集团有限责任公司

摘要(Abstract)：

别斯库都克露天煤矿(简称别矿)北帮台阶K2～K3段呈三角岩体覆压三角煤体状,采用岩与煤分爆分采工艺不能满足高效、经济、安全的施工要求。基于此况而提出岩与煤同爆分采方案。根据K2～K3段岩与煤厚度(孔深)走势、单孔爆破破碎半径及爆破主辅关系而将其细划为A、B、C三个区段,通过分区段设计爆破参数、严格执行爆破施工操作等方式来提升同爆效果。岩与煤同爆方案避免了机械设备在斜煤面上作业而存在的不安全状态,精简了施工流程。较分爆分采工艺而言,剥采周期由17 d降至8 d,节省炸药用量1.01 t,爆破单耗由0.37 kg/m~3降至0.26 kg/m~3,钻孔进尺由399 m降至374 m,煤的贫化由6.9%降至6.7%。岩与煤同爆技术偏重解决现场实际工程问题,然设计依据尚不成熟且对施工操作要求较高,尚有很大优化空间。

关键词(KeyWords)： 岩与煤同爆;爆破区段;爆破参数;爆破施工操作

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 郭春阳,张力,牛国庭,池恩安,孟庆浩

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 葛创.露天矿薄煤层区域煤岩同爆技术[J].露天采矿技术,2016,31(7):31-34.GE Chuang.Co-explosion technology of coal-rock in thin coal seam area of open pit mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2016,31(7):31-34.(in Chinese)
• [2] 池恩安,赵明生.别矿台阶深孔爆破孔排距优化试验及应用[J].爆破,2018,35(1):59- 65.CHI En-an,ZHAO Ming-sheng.Optimization test and application of deep hole blasting hole spacing in different mine steps[J].Blasting,2018,35(1):59- 65.(in Chinese)
• [3] 曹进军,朱宽.中深孔与浅孔联合布孔在煤层底板爆破中的数值模拟研究[J].爆破,2016,33(4):65-72.CAO Jin-jun,ZHU Kuan.Numerical simulation of the combination of middle and deep holes and shallow holes in blasting of coal seam floor[J].Blasting,2016,33(4):65-72.(in Chinese)
• [4] 李继业,郭春阳.一次爆破成型技术在道路开挖中的应用[J].采矿技术,2018,18(3):91-93.LI Ji-ye,GUO Chun-yang.Application of a blasting forming technology in road excavation[J].Mining Technology,2018,18(3):91-93.(in Chinese)
• [5] 高魁,刘泽功.爆破应力波在构造带煤岩的传播规律及破坏特征[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(S1):79-86.GAO Kui,LIU Ze-gong.Propagation law and failure characteristics of blasting stress wave in coal with structural belt[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(S1):79-86.(in Chinese)
• [6] 徐向宇,姚邦华.煤层预裂爆破应力波传播规律及增透机理模拟研究[J].爆破,2016,33(2):32-38.XU Xiang-yu,YAO Bang-hua.Simulation of stress wave propagation and anti-reflection mechanism in pre-splitting blasting of coal seams[J].Blasting,2016,33(2):32-38.(in Chinese)
• [7] 郑吉玉,王公忠.低透气性煤层松动爆破增透效应研究[J].爆破,2018,35(2):37- 40,49.ZHENG Ji-yu,WANG Gong-zhong.Study on anti-reflection effect of loose blasting in low permeability coal seam[J].Blasting,2018,35(2):37- 40,49.(in Chinese)
• [8] 凡春礼,栾龙发.提高小龙潭露天煤矿块煤率的爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2011,28(2):53-55,82.FAN Chun-li,QUAN Long-fa.Blasting test study on improving coal lump rate in Xiaolongtan open-pit coal mine[J].Blasting,2011,28(2):53-55,82.(in Chinese)
• [9] 冷振东,刘亮.起爆位置对台阶爆破爆堆形态影响的离散元分析[J].爆破,2018,35(2):50-55,100.LENG Zhen-dong,LIU Liang.Discrete element analysis of influence of initiation position on step blasting burst form[J].Blasting,2018,35(2):50-55,100.(in Chinese)
• [10] 王传利.空气间隙小耦合装药爆破作用的理论和实验研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2012.WANG Chuan-li.Theoretical and experimental study on small-coupling charge blasting in air gap[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2012.(in Chinese)