李婷,周传波,蒋楠,吕国鹏

• 1:中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

爆破振动控制是复杂城区环境地铁隧道爆破施工中的重点关注问题，而掏槽爆破往往是在隧道爆破中产生的振动强度最大。结合武汉地铁7号线北延线(前川线)爆破工程背景，综合数值模拟及现场测试验证方法，计算对比分析了单楔形掏槽、四直孔掏槽和双楔形掏槽三种掏槽方式下爆破振动强度，提出了基于爆破振动速度控制的地铁隧道掏槽爆破优化方式。研究结果表明：在单楔形掏槽、四直孔掏槽与双楔形掏槽三种掏槽爆破方式下，沿隧道开挖轴线方向，三种掏槽方式具有相似的传播规律，在0～10 m范围内，x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度随着与掌子面距离不断增加而减小，在0～-5 m范围内，x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度随着与掌子面距离不断增加而不断衰减，当地表质点与掌子面水平距离超过5 m时，x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度整体趋势表现为先上升后下降。隧道左导洞上台阶已开挖区对地表振动速度具有放大效应，即存在“空洞效应”;垂直于隧道开挖轴线方向，x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度在隧道左右两侧分布规律大致相似，且随着与原点水平绝对距离的增加而逐渐减小，隧道左导洞上台阶存在临空面，使隧道左侧x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度大于隧道右侧；由于采用延时起爆方式，双楔形掏槽x向(水平径向)峰值振动速度最小；在隧道爆破施工中，已开挖区地表振动速度是前方未开挖区的1.35～2.02倍，存在“空洞效应”;与其他两种掏槽相比，双楔形掏槽的“空洞效应”较弱。对三种掏槽方式爆破地表振动强度对比分析表明，三种掏槽方式的优劣顺序为：双楔形掏槽>单楔形掏槽>四直孔掏槽。

关键词(KeyWords)： 隧道;隧道爆破;掏槽爆破;数值模拟;空洞效应

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41972286）~~

作者(Author): 李婷,周传波,蒋楠,吕国鹏

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