粉砂质页岩隧道周边孔装药结构及装药量对爆破效果影响研究Influence of Charge Structure of Peripheral Hole on Blasting Effect of Silty Shale Tunnel
张建国,杨文,拜晓亮,赵海钦,蒋欢,李家宏,段聪,刘振江,王红云
摘要(Abstract):
光面爆破技术是目前控制隧道超欠挖的主要手段,为进一步探究周边孔装药结构及装药量对爆破效果的影响。以武隆隧道粉砂质页岩段为研究对象,采用现场爆破试验方法,分别进行了周边孔不同装药结构下不同单孔装药量爆破试验。结果表明:周边孔采用导爆索空气间隔装药结构,装药量为0.1+0.075×5 kg时爆破效果最佳,周边孔残留率96%,平均线性超挖为15.3 cm。采用雷管空气间隔装药结构,装药量为0.45 kg时爆破效果最佳,周边孔残留率可达90%,平均线性超挖18.4 cm。采用连续装药结构进行爆破,装药量为0.3/0.45 kg时爆破效果最佳,周边孔残留率32%,平均线性超挖量为24 cm。周边孔采用间隔装药结构可以有效提高爆破效果,保证周边孔炮孔残留率在50%以上,减小隧道超挖量;采用导爆索间隔装药爆破效果最佳,周边孔炮孔残留率在90%以上,雷管间隔装药结构爆破效果次之,炮孔残留率在70%以上,连续装药结构爆破效果最差,炮孔残留率50%以下。同时,通过现场试验证明:除采用导爆索空气间隔装药结构外,周边孔也可采用雷管空气间隔装药结构控制隧道超挖。
关键词(KeyWords): 山岭隧道;粉砂质页岩;装药结构;装药量;爆破效果
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张建国,杨文,拜晓亮,赵海钦,蒋欢,李家宏,段聪,刘振江,王红云
参考文献(References):
- [1] 张继春.工程控制爆破[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2001.
- [2] 张晓平,马建军,刘令.露天深孔空气间隔装药爆破的数值模拟研究[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(33):13599-13605.[2] ZHANG Xiao-ping,MA Jian-jun,LIU Ling.Research on numerical simulation of open air deep hole blasting with air interval charge[J].Science Technology and Engineering,20,20(33):13599-13605.(in Chinese)
- [3] 徐帮树,张万志,石伟航,等.节理裂隙层状岩体隧道掘进爆破参数试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2019,48(6):1248-1255.[3] XU Bang-shu,ZHANG Wan-zhi,SHI Wei-hang et al.Experimental study on blasting parameters of jointed fissure layered rock mass in tunneling[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2019,48(6):1248-1255.(in Chinese)
- [4] 秦桂芳,曾灿,徐间锋,等.基于HJC损伤本构模型的灰岩隧道光面爆破数值模拟及工程验证[J].爆破器材,2022,51(6):45-51.[4] QIN Gui-fang,ZENG Can,XU Jian-feng et al.Numerical simulation and engineering verification of smooth Blasting in Limestone Tunnel based on HJC damage constitutive model[J].Explosive Materials,2022,51(6):45-51.(in Chinese)
- [5] 宋鹏伟,杨新安,李淮,等.基于聚能水压光爆技术的周边眼装药结构优化研究[J].隧道建设(中英文),2022,42(1):103.[5] SONG Peng-wei,YANG Xin-an,LI Huai,et al.Optimization of charge structure of peripheral blasting holes based on shaped energy water pressure smooth blasting technology[J].Tunnel Construction,2022,42(1):103.(in Chinese)
- [6] 赵晓明,杨玉民,蒋楠,等.深埋引水隧洞光面爆破周边孔装药结构优化试验研究[J].高压物理学报,2022,36(4):208-218.[6] ZHAO Xiao-ming,YANG Yu-min,JIANG Nan,et al.Experimental study on optimization of charging structure around smooth blasting of deep-buried diversion tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2022,36(4):208-218.(in Chinese)
- [7] 谢烽,江雅勤,余德运,等.钙结砾岩空气间隔装药爆破试验及应用[J].爆破,2020,37(4):63- 68.[7] XIE Feng,JIANG Ya-qin,YU De-yun,et al.Blasting test and application of air space charge for calcium conglomerate[J].Blasting,20,37(4):63- 68.(in Chinese)
- [8] 张迅.光面爆破不耦合装药参数优化的试验研究[J].工程爆破,2019,25(6):27-31.[8] ZHANG Xun.Experimental study on optimization of uncoupled charging parameters in smooth blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2019,25(6):27-31.(in Chinese)
- [9] 王圣涛,潘强,郑爽英,等.光面爆破在广州地铁隧道21号线中的应用[J].工程爆破,2019,25(4):26-31.[9] WANG Sheng-tao,PAN Qiang,ZHENG Zhi-ying,et al.Application of smooth blasting in Guangzhou Metro Tunnel Line 21[J].Engineering Blasting,2019,25(4):26-31.(in Chinese)
- [10] 罗志光,张长亮,陈力华,等.公路隧道不耦合装药光面爆破现场试验[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017(S2):578-584.[10] LUO Zhi-guang,ZHANG Chang-liang,CHEN Li-hua,et al.Field test of smooth blasting of uncoupled charge in highway tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2017(S2):578-584.(in Chinese)
- [11] FOURNEY W L,BARKER D B,HOLLOWAY D C.Model studies of explosive well stimulation techniques[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Miningence & Geomechanics Abstracts,1981,18(2):113-127.