张胜,王智德,黎永索,付贵海,刘志斌

• 1:湖南城市学院土木工程学院
• 2:武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院

摘要(Abstract)：

爆破振动信号是一种典型的非平稳随机信号,采用傅里叶分析法求得的谱分布往往呈现锯齿状,不仅主振频率的具体位置难以确定,而且对于主振频率周边的频率成分以及各频率区间内的能量分布,亦难以直观显现。结合爆破工程实测资料,利用模式自适应连续小波变换具有良好的时频局部化性质,提出了模式自适应连续小波能量谱分析方法,从时间-尺度能量谱、尺度能量谱和时间能量谱3个方面对单段与多段爆破振动信号进行能量细化特征分析。研究结果表明:爆破振动信号小波能量谱直观定位了爆破地震波所发生的时间、频率以及能量的大小;单段爆破振动信号的能量在频域上主要分布在中高频部分,在时域上具有瞬发性和能量相对集中的特点;多段爆破振动信号的能量在频域上主要分布在低中频部分,在时域上具有多个峰值能量。

关键词(KeyWords)： 爆破振动;能量谱分析;模式自适应连续小波;小波变换

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608183、51678226);; 湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3022)

作者(Author): 张胜,王智德,黎永索,付贵海,刘志斌

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 樵平,张维明,卜俊锐,等.复杂地质条件下高边坡爆破控制技术[J].爆破,2017,34(3):74-78.[1] QIAO Ping,ZHANG Wei-ming,BU Jun-rui,et al.Control blasting technique of high slope in complex geological conditions[J].Blasting,2017,34(3):74-78.(in Chinese)
• [2] 张继春,曹孝君,郑爽英,等.浅埋隧道掘进爆破的地表震动效应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4158- 4163.[2] ZHANG Ji-chun,CAO Xiao-jun,ZHENG Shuang-ying,et al.Experimental study on vibration effects of ground due to shallow tunnel blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(22):4158- 4163.(in Chinese)
• [3] 罗忆,卢文波,陈明,等.爆破振动安全判据研究综述[J].爆破,2010,27(1):14-22.[3] LUO Yi,LU Wen-bo,CHEN Ming,et al.View of research on safety criterion of blasting vibration[J].Blasting,2010,27(1):14-22.(in Chinese)
• [4] 徐国元,中国生,熊正明.基于小波变换的爆破地震安全能量分析法的应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(1):24-28.[4] XU Guo-yuan,ZHONG Guo-sheng,XIONG Zheng-ming.Study and application of energy analysis method for blasting seismic safety based on wavelet transform[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(1):24-28.(in Chinese)
• [5] 李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.基于功率谱的爆破地震能量分析方法[J].爆炸与冲击,2009,29(5):492- 496.[5] LI Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo,SHU Da-qiang,et al.An energy analysis method for blast-induced seismic based on power spectrum[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2009,29(5):492- 496.(in Chinese)
• [6] LU Wen-bo,LI Peng,CHEN Ming,et al.Comparison of vibrations induced by excavation of deep-buried cavern and open pit with method of bench blasting[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2011,18(5):1709-1718.
• [7] ZHONG Guo-sheng,AO Li-ping,ZHAO Kui.Influence of explosion parameters on wavelet packet frequency band energy distribution of blast vibration[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2012,19(9):2674-2680.
• [8] 李春庚.自适应小波的构造及其在信号处理中的应用[D].大连:大连海事大学,2007.[8] LI Chun-geng.Self-adapted wavelet construction and its application to signal processing[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2007.(in Chinese)
• [9] 丁爱玲,石光明,张宁,等.波形匹配小波设计及其在信号数据压缩中的应用[J].电子与信息学报,2007,29(4):804-807.[9] DING Ai-ling,SHI Guang-ming,ZHANG Ning,et al.Signal compression and design of wavelet based on waveform matching[J].Journal of Electronics & Information Technology,2007,29(4):804-807.(in Chinese)
• [10] 耿艳峰,冯叔初.小波构造综述[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2004,28(1):127-131.[10] GENG Yan-feng,FENG Shu-chu.Overview of wavelet construction[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science),2004,28(1):127-131.(in Chinese)
• [11] 宋光明.爆破振动小波包分析理论与应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2001.[11] SONG Guang-ming.Wavelet packet analysis of blasting vibration:theory and application[D].Changsha:Central South University,2001.(in Chinese)
• [12] 李夕兵,张义平,刘志祥,等.爆破震动信号的小波分析与HHT变换[J].爆炸与冲击,2005,25(6):528-535.[12] LI Xi-bing,ZHANG Yi-ping,LIU Zhi-xiang,et al.Wavelet analysis and Hilbert-Huang transform of blasting vibration signal[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2005,25(6):528-535.(in Chinese)
• [13] 张胜,凌同华,刘浩然,等.模式自适应小波时能密度法及其在延时爆破振动信号分析中的应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(10):2007-2013.[13] ZHANG Sheng,LING Tong-hua,LIU Hao-ran,et al.Pattern adapted wavelet time-energy density method and its application in millisecond blast vibration signal analysis[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(10):2007-2013.(in Chinese)
• [14] 凌同华,张胜,陈倩倩,等.模式自适应小波构造与添加及其在爆破振动信号分析中的应用[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(12):53-57,120.[14] LING Tong-hua,ZHANG Sheng,CHEN Qian-qian,et al.Pattern adapted wavelet construction and addition and its application in blast vibration signal analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(12):53-57,120.(in Chinese)
• [15] GALIANA-MERINO J J,ROSA-HERRANZ J L,ROSA-CINTAS S,MARTINEZ-ESPLA J J.SeismicWaveTool:Continuous and discrete wavelet analysis and filtering for multichannel seismic data[J].Computer Physics Communications,2013,184(1):162-171.
• [16] HUANG Dan,CUI Shuo,LI Xiao-qing.Wavelet packet analysis of blasting vibration signal of mountain tunnel[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2019,117:72-80.
• [17] 刘刚,屈梁生.应用连续小波变换提取机械故障的特征[J].西安交通大学学报,2000,34(11):74-77.[17] LIU Gang,QU Liang-sheng.Feature extraction of mechanical faults based on the continuous wavelet transform[J].Journal of Xi′an Jiaotong University,2000,34(11):74-77.(in Chinese)
• [18] GB6722—2014 爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.[18] GB6722—2014 Safety regulations for blasting[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2014.(in Chinese)