费鸿禄,任国林,刘衍雨

• 1:辽宁工程技术大学爆破技术研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对露天煤矿近水平复合煤层分采成本高、周期长，开采难度大的工程难题，提出了深浅斜孔组合的煤岩混爆不爆混技术方案，达到煤层上部岩体抛掷、下部煤层松动的效果，旨在提高煤岩分离效果，降低煤贫化率。以武家塔露天煤矿1054平盘3#煤开采为研究对象，通过该矿生产经验、爆破漏斗试验及列线图解法确定炸药单耗、孔排距等混爆参数，并设计岩层和煤层最小抵抗线优化方案，利用ANSYS构建煤岩混爆三维数值模型，对岩层台阶最小抵抗线为3.5 m、4.0 m、4.5 m,对应的煤层台阶最小抵抗线为8.5 m、9.0 m、9.5 m时进行数值模拟。分析坡面观测点的水平抛距范围、煤岩交界面破坏情况及下部煤层松动效果，从而确定岩层和煤层最小抵抗线分别为4.0 m、9.0 m,并进一步对岩层装药底部至煤层距离、装药长度、装药结构进行调整，用于武家塔露天煤矿1054平盘3#煤试验区。试验结果表明：优化后的煤岩混爆方案，抛掷爆堆水平抛距较常规方案整体增加，平均水平抛距为28.4 m,多抛出14.47%;抛掷爆堆大块率减小了8.86%,粉块率则增大了4.73%,且块度小于50 cm的占比提高了16.23%,整体爆破效果达到了预期；整体铲装效率由400～450 m~3/h提高到了500 m~3/h以上。

关键词(KeyWords)： 抛掷爆破;煤岩混爆;最小抵抗线;数值模拟;爆破效果

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 费鸿禄,任国林,刘衍雨

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