矿山爆破邻近框剪结构振动响应及安全性控制Vibration Response and Safety Control of Frame-shear Structure Adjacent to Mine Blasting
杨玉民,赵茉溪,周传波,张升,贺广龙,郝润华,张玉琦
摘要(Abstract):
爆破振动对周边建(构)筑的影响一直受到广泛关注。以长滩露天煤矿深孔台阶爆破工程为背景,综合分析邻近11层框剪结构办公楼特点,经过多次爆破振动测试,分析了不同方向下振动速度及主频的分布特征,结合单因素分析得到高程差对不同方向振动速度的显著程度,最后基于量纲分析法研究并提出了多因素影响下的振速预测模型,并应用于爆破安全药量控制设计。主要结论如下:随着楼层的升高,主振方向由水平径向(X)变为水平切向(Y),最后变为垂向(Z);多数工况X轴与Y轴振速分别不大于0.17、0.213 cm/s,高程影响较小;Z轴振速集中在0.05~0.41 cm/s,高程放大效应在7~11层表现显著;对于三轴振动速度,最大单段药量、总药量及水平距离均具有显著性,高程差对X轴振速不具有显著性,对Y轴及Z轴具有显著性。振动主频集中在3~12 Hz,部分达到了16~30 Hz。基于办公楼振速预测模型,结合爆破安全规程及最危险工况下的爆破参数,拉底爆破总药量应控制在10 267 kg之内,深孔台阶爆破总药量应控制在8268~8883 kg之间。
关键词(KeyWords): 框剪结构;现场监测;振动响应;高程效应;安全性评价
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41972286)~~
作者(Author): 杨玉民,赵茉溪,周传波,张升,贺广龙,郝润华,张玉琦
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