五强溪水电站扩机工程进水口围堰爆破拆除技术研究Blasting Demolition Technology of Cofferdam at Inlet of Expansion Project of Wuqiangxi Hydropower Station
文超,李俊,祝文化
摘要(Abstract):
五强溪水电站扩机工程进水口围堰采用预留岩坎+混凝土围堰+土石子围堰的组合结构形式,堰内岩坎为顺层坡,软弱夹层较发育,围堰爆破拆除环境和地质条件复杂。顺层岩坎拆除时无法按常规围堰的经济断面进行大范围削方和一次拆除,深水水下爆破开挖工程量大、块度要求高、施工时间长、安全风险高。爆破拆除过程中在保证围堰稳定的条件下,采取垂向分层、水平向分区、台阶松动爆破的施工方法,尽可能多地实施陆上开挖。水下爆破根据岩坎地质条件、岩体力学特性及覆盖水深(20~37 m),结合水下爆破清渣块度要求,采用0.9~1.1 kg/m~3的炸药单耗。通过数码电子雷管高精度延时起爆技术,严格控制单段最大药量(60 kg以内),并设置气泡帷幕和柔性防护网等一系列安全防护措施。经现场爆破监测结果表明:爆破振动及水击波对进水口闸门等建构筑物的影响得到了有效控制,提高了水下清渣、转运效率得到了提高。
关键词(KeyWords): 扩机工程;进水口;围堰拆除;岩坎;顺层坡
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51374163)
作者(Author): 文超,李俊,祝文化
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