贾家银,曹贞洋,周世均,吴晓东,高兴,吴昊骏,龚敏

• 1:重庆中环建设有限公司
• 2:北京科技大学

摘要(Abstract)：

为控制泄水洞开挖过程中的爆破振动，保护其上方距离2.30～3.10 m的既有隧道的安全，采用电子雷管毫秒微差爆破及孔内分段等技术优化爆破方案。首先根据现场下穿泄水洞之前的常规爆破情况，优化现场爆破方案，调整孔位参数，减少炮孔数目；在下穿段正式爆破前，在开挖面掏槽区附近开展单孔爆破试验，获取包含现场地质信息的单孔爆破振动波形；采用线性叠加法计算并对比炮孔按不同延时间隔起爆的振动波形，从中筛选出炮孔的最优延时间隔；同时，为改善掏槽爆破时的临空条件、降低掏槽爆破的振动，对掏槽区的首爆孔采用孔内分段爆破。通过现场试验和计算分析，综合爆破协同作用和减振效果，确定了掏槽孔、辅助孔的孔间延时为5 ms、排间延时为40 ms,周边孔的孔间延时为3 ms。将新爆破方案在现场进行应用和不断优化，最终实现泄水洞工程以1.5 m进尺、全断面爆破下穿既有隧道时，其正上方距离3.10 m的路面监测点的最大振动在4.0 cm/s以内，结构物得到了有效保护。利用电子雷管微差起爆和孔内分段爆破技术能有效控制现场的爆破振动、保护了临近建(构)筑物，为后续类似工程提供经验。

关键词(KeyWords)： 泄水洞;既有隧道;微差爆破;最优延时间隔;孔内分段

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52304204)濒海储油洞室电子雷管精确延时爆破破岩机理研究;; 中国博士后科学基金会第74批面上基金(2023M740216)硬岩巷道孔内分段掏槽爆破破岩机理及关键参数研究~~

作者(Author): 贾家银,曹贞洋,周世均,吴晓东,高兴,吴昊骏,龚敏

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