大跨距高楼房爆破拆除控制技术与倒塌形态分析Blasting Demolition Control Technology and Collapse Shape Analysis of Long Span High Buildings
杨帆,张新雨,胡坤伦,韩体飞
摘要(Abstract):
以立柱间跨距8.0 m×8.6 m、高70 m楼房爆破拆除工程为例,为保证临近在建楼房的安全,对倒塌建筑物落地冲击振动进行理论计算分析,并运用双切口加速楼房空中解体、分区块延期等爆破拆除控制技术实施拆除工程。通过爆破振动测试仪进行实时监控,利用高清摄像分析其倒塌形态,验证拆除控制技术的安全有效性。通过分析高清摄像照片和振动监测数据表明:大跨距楼房势能转换快,易引发后坐;减振沟能明显减小塌落振动,但对爆破振动基本无影响;测点布置的楼层高度对爆破振动速度有一定放大效应,而对塌落振动基本无影响。
关键词(KeyWords): 大跨距楼房拆除;空中解体爆破;爆破振动;塌落振动;倒塌形态
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51604009)
作者(Author): 杨帆,张新雨,胡坤伦,韩体飞
参考文献(References):
- [1] 顾毅成,史雅语,金骥良.工程爆破安全[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009.
- [2] 谢先启.拆除爆破数值模拟与应用[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2008.
- [3] 孙金山,谢先启,贾永胜,等.建(构)筑物拆除爆破塌落触地振动预测模型研究[J].工程爆破,2014,20(2):25-28.SUN Jin-shan,XIE Xian-qi,JIA Yong-sheng,et al.Forecast model of peak vibration velocity induced by the collapse of structure in demolition blasting projects[J].Engineering blasting,2014,20(2):25-28.(in Chinese)
- [4] 李毅,腾勇,胡坤伦,等.超高楼群爆破振动控制技术与检测[J].火工品,2019(2):46- 49.LI Yi,TENG Yong,HU Kun-lun,et al.Blasting vibration control technology and detection of super high buildings[J].Initiators & Pyrotechnics,2019(2):46- 49.(in Chinese)
- [5] 崔铁军,马云东.超高层建筑爆破后非连续性倒塌模拟及爆炸模型研究[J].工业建筑,2016,46(5):92-97.CUI Tie-jun,MA Yun-dong.Study on simulation and explosion model of discontinuous collapse of super high-rise building after blasting[J].Industrial building,2016,46(5):92-97.(in Chinese)
- [6] 刘琎,杨永强,姚颖康,等.高层框剪结构爆破拆除振动监测及分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2018,38(5):198-204.LIU Jin,YANG Yong-qiang,YAO Ying-kang,et al.Measurement and analysis of vibration caused by blasting demolition of high-rise RC building[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2018,38(5):198-204.(in Chinese)
- [7] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2015.
- [8] 黄小武,谢先启,贾永胜,等.钢筋混凝土立柱爆破破坏过程及个别飞散物试验研究[J].爆破,2020,37(1):14-17.HUANG Xiao-wu,XIE Xian-qi,JIA Yong-sheng,et al.Experimental study on failure process and flyrock of reinforced concrete columns induced by blasting[J].Blasting,2020,37(1):14-17.(in Chinese)