复杂环境下含人字形内衬的180 m烟囱爆破拆除Blasting Demolition of 180 m Chimney with Herringbone Lining in Complex Environment
袁方,罗鹏,王威,陈德志,黄小武,杨坤,吴赛格
摘要(Abstract):
针对武汉钢铁厂二烧180 m钢筋混凝土烟囱具有内含人字墙、大体积内衬及临近煤气管道的爆破拆除难题,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件论证了“开凿超大拱形导向窗,提高爆破切口”优化方案的可行性。计算结果表明:爆破切口产生后,内衬的垮塌堆积速度明显大于爆破切口的闭合速度。采用一般定向倾倒方案时,烟囱在堆积体的影响下有炸而不倒的风险。而将爆破切口高度提高至5.6 m,同时开凿6.09 m宽、8 m高的超大拱形导向窗的方案能够确保烟囱整体倒塌。此外,为确保拆除爆破良好,提出了采用机械清除爆破切口周边内衬,并在爆破切口及煤气管道表面覆盖由安全网、铁丝网、土工格栅等多种复合材料组成的柔性防护层的辅助措施。实际拆除爆破结果表明:切口起爆后烟囱倒塌过程平稳顺利,数值模拟结果与实际情况较为吻合,且倒塌后烟囱根部筒壁与地面间空隙被堆积物体完全填充,临近煤气管道未出现损害。此外,开凿超大拱形导向窗不仅实现了对砌体堆积的疏导,还能够大大减少装药、防护工作量,该优化方案可为类似烟囱的爆破拆除提供参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 钢筋混凝土烟囱;定向爆破;超大拱形导向窗
基金项目(Foundation): 湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA084);; 湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2021CFB541)~~
作者(Author): 袁方,罗鹏,王威,陈德志,黄小武,杨坤,吴赛格
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