我国民爆物品爆炸事故统计分析及防范对策Statistical Analysis and Preventive Measures of Explosion Accidents about Civil Explosive Materials in China
张飞燕,何鑫,张念思,孙金山,谢全民
摘要(Abstract):
为分析我国民爆物品爆炸事故一般性规律与事故原因,对2006—2023年全国民爆物品爆炸事故的发生时间、地区分布、事故等级等维度进行事故统计与分析,使用层次分析法构建了包含人、机、环、制度4个一级指标和安全意识、技术培训、监管力度、安全教育、标准化作业、生产设备、生产工艺、天气气候、仓储条件、安全管理体制、应急管理制度共11个二级指标的层次结构模型,通过分析得到各指标权重进而对爆炸事故影响因素做出重要性排序。研究结果表明:爆炸事故发生次数逐年降低,安全形势转好,时间上集中于每年的第2、3季度,空间上以“南北高低交错”特征分布于各省份,事故等级中一般事故、较大事故占据主导地位;基于层次分析法得知一级指标中人是造成事故的最主要因素,二级指标中标准化作业、生产工艺、监管力度和安全管理体制是比较重要的几项因素,最后针对事故影响因素重要度提出了严格标准化作业、增加安全投入、加强监管力度和完善安全管理体制的预防措施。
关键词(KeyWords): 民爆物品;爆炸事故;事故统计;影响因素分析;层次分析法;防范对策
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974108,51404093);; 河南省自然科学基金项目(232300420077);; 河南省博士后科研项目(001701014);; 教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220901665213056,201902044044);; 河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(YJS2024KC09);; 河南理工大学研究生质量提升工程项目(2024YSZ03)~~
作者(Author): 张飞燕,何鑫,张念思,孙金山,谢全民
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