巷道深孔掘进不同药径比爆破动力研究Study on Explosion Dynamics of Different Ratio of Charge to Hole Diameter in Deep Hole Tunnel Blasting
柴修伟,阎要锋,倪小山,习本军,徐亮,陈国祥,许奎
摘要(Abstract)：
近年来,随着矿山机械化程度的不断提高,大型先进凿岩台车的普遍推广应用,某些矿山在深孔掘进爆破过程中出现了炮孔药径比不匹配的问题。为了确定合理的炮孔药径比,运用有限元数值模拟软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA构建巷道深孔爆破中装药结构的计算模型,4种炮孔药径比分别取1∶1、1∶1.2、1∶1.225、1∶1.25,对典型单元的应力云图和压力时程曲线进行对比分析。计算结果表明:当炸药与孔壁之间有空气介质存在时,应力波压力峰值会快速衰减,能够减少炮孔壁岩石的过粉碎或造成"再生岩石"现象。此外当炮孔药径比为1∶1时,单元压力峰值随着远离炮孔装药轴线衰减最快,而炮孔药径比1∶1.2时,压力峰值则衰减最慢。对于钻头直径Φ45mm的凿岩台车,合适的炸药药卷直径为Φ38~40mm,可依此指导矿山企业合理定购爆破器材。
关键词(KeyWords)： 地下矿山;巷道掘进;深孔掏槽;药径比;动力分析
基金项目(Foundation): 湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(D20171506);; 湖北省安全生产专项资金项目(鄂安监发(2017)35号);; 武汉工程大学科学研究基金项目(13125042)
作者(Author): 柴修伟,阎要锋,倪小山,习本军,徐亮,陈国祥,许奎
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