王新生,刘志浩,马潇潇

• 1:河南开放大学建筑工程与智能建造学院
• 2:河南省智能绿色建造工程研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

为准确评估带壳装药爆炸毁伤混凝土介质的威力，通过理论建模与数值计算，精确求解了爆炸冲击波作用于混凝土介质表面的初始参量，分析了壳体厚度对毁伤效果的影响规律。基于牛顿第二定律，建立了球状壳体在爆炸压力、混凝土介质阻力及壳体周向应力共同作用下的运动控制方程。采用MATLAB软件求解该方程的数值解，系统分析了壳体厚度(2～8 mm)对壳体膨胀运动速度沿径向分布的影响规律。结合壳体-混凝土界面处的质点速度连续条件，进一步推导出混凝土孔壁的初始质点速度与初始冲击压力解析表达式。以典型B炸药(密度1.6 g/cm~3、爆速7.80×10~3m/s、装药半径23.3 mm)和45#钢壳体(密度7.85 g/cm~3，屈服强度3.55×10~2MPa)在混凝土(密度2.4 g/cm~3)中爆炸为例进行数值计算，结果表明:壳体最大运动速度随其厚度增加而显著降低，从2 mm壳体的1.44×10~3m/s降至8 mm壳体的8.08×10~2m/s，降幅达43.8%;相应地，受此影响，孔壁峰值压力与壳体内部初始峰值压力之比(P_(mx)/P_m)也随壳体增厚而明显下降，从0.82降至0.46。本研究揭示，减小壳体厚度能有效提升能量传递效率，增强对混凝土介质的爆炸毁伤效果;反之，增大壳体厚度将显著降低能量传递效率，但能提升弹体的结构完整性与侵彻能力，以满足穿透硬目标的需求。因此，在实际弹药设计中，壳体厚度的选择需在侵彻深度与内部爆炸威力之间寻求最优平衡。

关键词(KeyWords)： 爆炸力学;混凝土介质;爆炸毁伤;球状带壳装药;初始冲击压力

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2023YFC2907202);; 河南省重点研发与推广专项(No.242102320059、252102320059);; 河南省高等学校青年骨干教师计划项目(No.2024GGJS200)~~

作者(Author): 王新生,刘志浩,马潇潇

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