复杂岩性隧道超前切割爆破方法研究Research on Advanced Cutting Control Blasting of Complex Lithologic Tunnel
杨志龙,钟冬望,白文良,赵云鹏,马建军,李腾飞,何理,司剑峰,蔡路军
摘要(Abstract):
针对复杂岩性隧道传统爆破开挖效果差的问题,基于传统光面爆破与预裂爆破的研究,在隧道周边局部存在软弱围岩情况下,将软弱围岩区周边孔的爆破提前至掏槽孔爆破之后进行,提出一种超前切割控制爆破方法。建立了准三维模型,使用流固耦合(ALE)算法和ANSYS/Ls-dyna有限元分析软件,对超前切割爆破方法与传统预裂、光面爆破方法进行了数值模拟对比研究,结果表明:相较于光面爆破与预裂爆破,对超前切割爆破在隧道轮廓周边损伤深度分别降低了6.85%与10.08%。结合仿真结果设计了现场爆破试验方案,并开展了光面爆破及超前切割爆破方法的现场对比试验,爆破结果表明:采用超前切割的爆破方法后,隧道的轮廓面成型效果好且软弱围岩区无掉块、坍塌情况,同时超欠挖得到有效控制。对爆破后的断面进行三维断面扫描数据及统计结果表明:相较于效果较好的光面爆破,超前切割爆破的最大超挖降低了35.98%、平均超挖降低了25.60%,混凝土消耗数量降低了26.3%,其平整度标准差提高了24.29%。该方法经过现场实践验证,在降低超挖的同时还可以减弱复杂岩性区内的爆破损伤,提升隧道保留围岩平整度。
关键词(KeyWords): 隧道爆破;复杂岩性;超前切割爆破;损伤控制;三维扫描
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(51904210、52274136);; 湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2022CFB594)~~
作者(Author): 杨志龙,钟冬望,白文良,赵云鹏,马建军,李腾飞,何理,司剑峰,蔡路军
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