彭松林,董伟,董千,杨钊,姬付全,曹昂

• 1:中交第二航务工程局有限公司
• 2:中交二航局第二工程有限公司
• 3:江汉大学精细爆破国家重点实验室
• 4:江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

在中小断面隧洞钻爆法施工中，采用传统楔形掏槽爆破方案，易受施工设备作业空间限制。空间受限会导致楔形掏槽孔与掌子面夹角过大。因此，掏槽区域岩石会受到较大夹制作用，易导致循环进尺短、炮孔利用率低，炸药单耗高等问题。本文结合理论分析和公式推导，比较楔形和直孔掏槽的优劣势。并在此基础上，进一步计算了直孔掏槽孔布置参数。最终设计了隧洞短直孔+楔形复合掏槽爆破方案，并在某水利枢纽工程的硬岩圆形发电隧洞进行了现场试验，结果表明：(1)确定掏槽爆破参数中装药孔与空孔间距时，对于岩石的抗拉强度应考虑高应变率效应，以保证理论计算参数的合理性；(2)设计的复合掏槽方案与原方案对比，单循环爆破进尺1.7～1.8 m提升到2.0～2.1 m,炮孔利用率从73.91%～78.26%增长到86.96%～91.30%,单循进尺和炮孔利用率均有所提升，且炸药单耗两方案几乎一致，雷管单耗较原方案减小约0.4发/m~3,其应用经济效益较大；(3)采用短直孔+楔形复合掏槽方案，掌子面残眼更少、爆破块度更破碎，便于后续的出渣和下一循环钻孔作业。研究成果可为中小断面硬岩隧洞钻爆参数设计和施工提供参考依据。

关键词(KeyWords)： 输水隧洞;复合掏槽爆破;爆破参数;圆形隧洞

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(52108368)~~

作者(Author): 彭松林,董伟,董千,杨钊,姬付全,曹昂

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