苟倩倩,赵明生,张光雄,池恩安,余红兵,余伟成

• 1:贵州大学矿业学院
• 2:保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司
• 3:保利民爆哈密有限公司
• 4:武汉爆破有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

针对某石方钻爆工程单耗大、临近建(构)筑物振动响应较大问题,现场进行了连续耦合装药、径向不耦合装药、中部空气间隔装药及水不耦合装药的四组爆破试验。将测得的试验数据进行基于CEEMDAN的光滑降噪模型去噪,以各频带与原始信号的相关系数及均方误差为指标,筛选出优势分量,通过计算其能量值来判断4种装药结构下爆破振动的破坏力大小,并且对比分析了4种工况下岩体爆破块度,结果表明:空气不耦合装药爆破振动速度-时程曲线携带的能量最小、破坏力最小,水不耦合装药次之,但水不耦合装药爆破能有效降低岩石大块率及粉尘危害。

关键词(KeyWords)： 装药结构;爆破振动;信号降噪;能量传递

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 贵州省高层次创新型人才培养(百层次)-黔科合人才(2016)4030号;; 2017年新疆维吾尔自治区天池百人计划

作者(Author): 苟倩倩,赵明生,张光雄,池恩安,余红兵,余伟成

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 魏晓刚,麻凤海,刘书贤.爆破开采对采空区地面建筑抗震性能的影响分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(9):102-108.[1] WEI Xiao-gang,MA Feng-hai,LIU Shu-xian.Analysis of impact of blasting mining on seismic performance of ground buildings in coal mining area[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(9):102-108.(in Chinese)
• [2] 宗琦,孟德君.炮孔不同装药结构对爆破能量影响的理论探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003(4):641-645.[2] ZONG Qi,MENG De-jun.Theoretical discussion on the influence of different charge structures of blast hole on blasting energy[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003(4):641- 645.(in Chinese)
• [3] 梁为民,LIU Hong-yuan.不耦合装药结构对岩石爆破的影响[J].北京理工大学学报,2012,32(12):1215-1218.[3] LIANG Wei-min,LIU Hong-yuan.Influence of aircoupled charge on rock blasting[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology,2012,32(12):1215-1218.(in Chinese)
• [4] 顾文彬,王振雄,陈江海,等.装药结构对爆破震动能量传递及爆破效果影响研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(2):207-211.[4] GU Wen-bin,WANG Zhen-xiong,CHEN Jiang-hai,et al.Influence of charge structure on the energy transfer of blasting vibration and explosive effect[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(2):207-211.(in Chinese)
• [5] 陈健.装药结构对爆炸地震效应影响的实验研究[C]//全国危险物质与安全应急技术研讨会论文集,2013:1098 -1103.[5] CHEN Jian.Experimental study on the effect of charge structure on explosion seismic effects[C]//Proceedings of National Symposium on Hazardous Substances and Safety Emergency Technology,2013:1098 -1103.(in Chinese)
• [6] 孙磊.装药结构对爆炸效能影响的理论研究与数值模拟[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2011.[6] SUN Lei.Theoretical study and numerical simulation of the effect of charge structure on explosion efficiency[D].Huainan:Anhui University of Science and Technology,2011.(in Chinese)
• [7] 种玉配,熊炎林,齐燕军.轴向不耦合装药结构形式优化仿真研究[J].工程爆破,2018,24(2):1-7.[7] ZHONG Yu-pei,XIONG Yan-lin,QI Yan-jun.Simulation research on optimization of axial uncoupling charge structure[J].Engineering Blasting,2018,24(2):1-7.(in Chinese)
• [8] 楼晓明,王振昌,陈必港,等.空气间隔装药孔壁初始冲击压力分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(11):2875-2884.[8] LOU Xiao-ming,WANG Zhen-chang,CHEN Bi-gang.Initial shock pressure analysis for hole wall with air-decked charge[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(11):2875-2884.(in Chinese)
• [9] TORRES M E,COLOMINAS M A,SCHLOTTHAUER G,et al.A complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Process,2011:4144-4147.
• [10] 张建文,刘洋,张大朋,等.基于CEEMDAN与小波自适应阈值的去噪新方法[J].电测与仪表,2018,55(10):14-18.[10] ZHANG Jian-wen,LIU Yang,ZHANG Da-peng.A new method of combined denoising based on CEEMDAN and wavelet adaptive thresholding[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2018,55(10):14-18.(in Chinese)
• [11] 张建伟,侯鸽,暴振磊,等.基于CEEMDAN与SVD的泄流结构振动信号降噪方法[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(22):138-143.[11] ZHANG Jian-wei,HOU Ge,BAO Zhen-lei,et al.A signal de-noising method for vibration signals from flood discharge structures based[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(22):138-143.(in Chinese)
• [12] 李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破振动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:84-85.
• [13] 郑一,孙晓峰,陈健,等.基于集合经验模态的随钻脉冲信号优良降噪算法[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(6):750-753.[13] ZHENG Yi,SUN Xiao-feng,CHEN Jian,et al.Extracting pulse signals in measurement while drilling using optimum denoising methods based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(6):750-753.(in Chinese)
• [14] 周后友,池恩安,张修玉,等.? 42 mm炮孔空气间隔装药爆破对岩体破碎效果的影响研究[J].爆破,2018,35(4):63- 68.[14] ZHOU Hou-you,CHI En-an,ZHANG Xiu-yu,etal.Influence of air-decking charge blasting with ? 42 mm blast hole on rock fragmentation[J].Blasting,2018,35(4):63- 68.(in Chinese)
• [15] 赵明生,梁开水,李本伟.段药量对爆破振动信号时频特性的影响研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(7):85-88.[15] ZHAO Ming-sheng,LIANG Kai-shui,LI Ben-wei.Influence of deck charge on time-frequency characteristics of a blasting vibration signal[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(7):85-88.(in Chinese)